One of the most famous collections of such stories is The Twenty-four Cases of Filial Piety (Chinese: 二十四孝; pinyin: Ershi-si xiao). He proposed that Confucius originally taught the quality of rén in general, and did not yet emphasize xiào that much. zhi [tʂʅ] ㄓ. This was regarded as an assault on Chinese culture. [14] However, Jordan does add that if the parent does not listen to the child's dissuasion, the child must still obey the parent,[38] and Ho states that "rebellion or outright defiance" is never approved in Confucian ethics. nbsp;         "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/loose.dtd">. [5] Filial piety has been defined by several scholars as the recognition by children of the aid and care their parents have given them, and the respect returned by those children. Female elders tend to receive more care respect, whereas male elders tend to receive more symbolic respect. [55][5] Industrialization and urbanization have affected the practice of filial piety, with care being given more in financial ways rather than personal. [95] Śyāma, Sujāti and other Buddhist stories of self-sacrifice spread a belief that a filial child should even be willing to sacrifice its own body. [108], Ethnographic evidence from the 19th and early 20th century shows that Chinese people still very much cared for their elders, and very often lived with one or more married sons. [104], Unlike western societies, patriarchalism and its enactment in law grew more strict in late imperial China. [65] However, filial piety has also been found to perpetuate dysfunctional family patterns such as child abuse: there may be both positive and negative psychological effects. [12] However, it is also practiced because of an obligation towards one's ancestors. Nearly all Han emperors had the word xiào in their temple name. Chinese Buddhists described how difficult it is to repay the goodness of one's mother, and how many sins mothers often committed in raising her children. It is "central in all thinking about human behavior". The tone variations of the syllable will … Rén means favorable behavior to those who we are close to. ", "Counseling Chinese peoples: Perspectives of Filial Piety", "Buddhism and the 'Great Persecution' in China", "Filial Piety And Buddhism: The Indian Antecedents to a "Chinese" Problem", "Chinese Young Adults and Elder Respect Expressions in Modern Times", "Repayment for Parents Kindness: Buddhist Way", "Filial Obligations in Chinese Families: Paradoxes of Modernization", "Chinese Translation of Buddhist Sūtras Related to Filial Piety as a Response to Confucian Criticism of Buddhists Being Unfilial", "The Teaching and Practice of Filial Piety in Buddhism", "Buddhism, Practices, Applications, and Concepts - Filial Piety in Chinese Buddhism", "Psychocultural Features of Ancestor Worship", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filial_piety&oldid=1001885463, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing Vietnamese-language text, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. In Confucian, Chinese Buddhist and Taoist ethics, filial piety (Chinese: 孝, xiào) is a virtue of respect for one's parents, elders, and ancestors.The Confucian Classic of Filial Piety, thought to be written around the late Warring States-Qin-Han period, has historically been the authoritative source on the Confucian tenet of filial piety. Ni\/   neng/   zai\   shuo—   yi—bian\   ma? As roles and duties were depersonalized, supremacy became a matter of role and position, rather than person, as it was in the West. presiding meetings; Presentational respect: polite and appropriate decorum; Linguistic respect: use of honorific language; Spatial respect: having elders sit at a place of honor, building graves at respectful places; Celebrative respect: celebrating birthdays or other events in honor of elders; Public respect: voluntary and public services for elders; Acquiescent respect: listening to elders without talking back; Consultative respect: consulting elders in personal and family matters; Salutatory respect: bowing or saluting elders; Precedential respect: allowing elders to have priority in distributing goods and services; Funeral respect: mourning and burying elders in a respectful way; Ancestor respect: commemorating ancestors and making sacrifices for them.